In the Western Balkans, a different token can quickly take dangerous proportions. A monument in November 2012 before the mayor of Presevo in southern Serbia, to the glory of Albanian fighters, has angered Belgrade. The Serbian government requested his removal, otherwise use force. Refusal of local officials, who make it a matter of principle. A solution had to be found before Wednesday, January 16 at midnight, on the eve of new direct talks in Brussels between the Prime Ministers of Serbia and Kosovo, Hashim Thaci and Ivica Dacic. Discussions eagerly awaited, which will include the north of Kosovo.
The question arose before this monument due immediately exploited by both sides by radical forces. About 50,000 Albanians living in the Presevo Valley in southern Serbia, near the Kosovo border. This is where the Liberation Army of Presevo, Bujanovac and Medvedjia (UCPMB) took up arms in 2001 to defy Belgrade. Presevo Albanians in Kosovo demanded the annexation. On January 12, the city council of the city and a meeting of councilors Albanians in southern Serbia have asked Belgrade to open a dialogue. Local councilors wanted call Europeans and Americans on this issue.
But Western governments felt that this was an internal affair of Serbia. The Belgrade authorities have finally agreed to limit itself to a lawsuit instead of moving the statue by force, according to a European diplomatic source.
INVESTIGATION OPENED BY EULEX
The reasons for tension between Serbia and Kosovo have accumulated in recent weeks, without stopping the process of direct negotiations, launched in Brussels. There was particular in late November 2012, the acquittal of former Kosovo Prime Minister Ramush Haradinaj by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). He was prosecuted for crimes committed during the war in 1999. Belgrade denounced once again the severity variable geometry would exercise international justice.
To this was added the refusal to authorize the President Pristina Serbia, Tomislav Nikolic, to go to the Gracanica monastery for Orthodox Christmas on January 7. That day, in the same town, many young Serbs were arrested for public order offenses by the police. They denounced physical and psychological abuse during their detention. EULEX European civil mission has opened an investigation.
Finally, a few days before the resumption of talks in Brussels, dozens of graves were desecrated in the Serbian Municipality of Kosovo Polje, near the Kosovo capital Pristina.
Despite these incidents, it seems that the Serbian authorities, however, from the ranks of nationalists, is ready to move forward on the path of dialogue with Kosovo. For the first time, Tuesday, January 15, Prime Minister Ivica Dacic said that his country would be willing "to discuss a seat for Kosovo at the UN, but in this case Pristina should give something too," without further accuracy. That "something" is a partition of the former province that declared independence in February 2008, the newspaper Blic understands. An unrealistic demand, but the evocation of a seat at the UN for Kosovo breaks a taboo in Serbian politics.
"SERBIA DO NOT RECOGNIZE THE INDEPENDENCE OF KOSOVO"
On 13 January, the European Parliament adopted a resolution establishing the foundations of the political dialogue between Belgrade and Pristina. This is the president, Tomislav Nikolic, who wanted legitimize any discussion between the two parties by a political platform together majority and opposition. Its content is more vague than expected. Not surprisingly, the document states that Serbia "does not recognize and will never recognize Kosovo's independence, declared unilaterally." The resolution, however, demonstrates the will to Belgrade to find a "compromise solution and wide," which serve as a "solid foundation" for peace and security. A solution that would have a great significance in the context of "continuous integration and accelerated" Western Balkans in the European Union.
Behind the pronouncements often martial status of Kosovo Serb leaders, starting with Ivica Dacic, know that there will be no turning back. Serbs consider offering a very large autonomy for northern Kosovo around Mitrovica North, on the model of the Republika Srpska, the Serb Republic, one of the two entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Serbs ask for the northern regulatory functions (police, justice, taxation) beyond the Ahtisaari plan, named the Special Envoy of the UN. It was proposed in 2007, extensive decentralization for Serbian municipalities.
"The unresolved question concerning a possible autonomy is: in what? From the independent state of Kosovo, or Kosovo, itself still attached to Serbia?" Said one European diplomatic source. However, it does not matter now considering a land swap on an ethnic basis. The idea of a barter - North Mitrovica municipalities and populated almost exclusively by Serbs in northern Kosovo against the Presevo Valley - is a sea serpent in the region, but nobody wants to take the risk a change of borders, a very dangerous road in the Western Balkans.
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